After reading chapter 12 in your text you should know:
- What is cancer and how does it spread
- The risk factors for common cancers
- The etiology of cancer
- The early signs and symptoms of cancer
- How may the risk of cancer be reduced
Presentation Outline
Cancer Basics
- The abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells, which if left untreated,
can ultimately cause death
- 85 million Americans will develop cancer at some time in their lives
- Benign tumors: do not spread to neighboring tissues Malignant tumors:
can invade surrounding structures and spread to distant sites
Common Cancers
- Lung cancer responsible for nearly 157,000 deaths each year
87% of cases involve tobacco smoke
- Colon and rectal cancer linked to diet and genetic predisposition
- Breast cancer most common cancer in women
- Prostate cancer most common cancer in men
Cancers of the Female Reproductive Tract
- Cervical cancer more than 80% of cases are sexually transmitted; Pap
test used for screening
- Uterine (endometrial) cancer most often occurs after age 55
- Ovarian cancer rare and difficult to detect
Skin Cancer
Caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation
Three types of skin cancer
- basal cell
- squamous cell
- melanoma
Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing
Other Cancers
Oral cancer--cancers of the lip, tongue, mouth, throat primarily traced to smoking,
spit tobacco, excessive alcohol consumption (more than twice as common in men
as in women)
Testicular cancer most common cancer in men age 29-35
Bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, leukemias, lymphomas
Cancer Risk Factors
- Tobacco
- Diet and obesity
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Family history of cancer
- Occupational factors
- Viruses and other biological agents
- Alcohol
- Environmental pollution
- Ultraviolet radiation
Preventing Cancer
- Avoid tobacco
- Control diet and weight
- Exercise regularly
- Protect skin from sun
- Avoid environmental and occupational carcinogens
- Follow ACS screening guidelines
Resouces on the WWW
American Cancer Society
Cancer News on the Net
National Cancer Institute/Cancer Net
OncoLink/A University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center Resource
Yahoo/Health/Cancer
References:
Fahey, T. D., Insel, P. M., & Roth, T. W. (2001). Fit & well: Core concepts and labs in
physical fitness and wellness (4th ed.). Mountain View, CA: Mayfield.
Summary and conclusions
Questions and comments
Next Topic Chapter 13: pp. 329-354 "Substance Use and Abuse"
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